Hazel Hedge Plants Description. Disclaimer | Interested in the centuries-old skill of hedge laying? Dave Sands thinks so: “The cost of different styles varies. While initially quite tricky to grasp, it’s a skill that really is a case of practice makes perfect. When your hedge is firmly bound, cut the cleft stumps (the stumps from the part of the stem not cut) down to just above ground level and be sure to leave them as clean and tidy as possible, as this is where regrowth is most desired. Hazel cannot be planted alone because it needs another hazel to produce hazelnuts. By entering your details, you are agreeing to Gardens Illustrated terms and conditions and privacy policy. Many different hedge-laying styles have evolved to reflect a region’s farming practices and its native trees and shrubs. But it's not just about what the wood can be used for - it creates a habitat in which lots of other plants, birds and woodland animals will thrive. So set it up in a shrub bed, or add it to your hedge, that will make your hedge even more ornamental and especially, productive! Words Louise AllenPhotography Andrew MontgomeryIllustration Liam McAuley. Welsh Border Traditionally, most hedge layers use a billhook for cutting through stems and branches. Vintage tools, such as those pictured below, can often be a good option. Taking up a Green Woodworking course – at York Wood Crafts. Yorkshire billhook is the preferred billhook for many professional hedge layers. Sign in to manage your newsletter preferences. It is also the time of the year when many of the materials you’ll need for hedge-laying, such as the hazel and ash for the stakes and bindings that add strength and stability to the hedge, can be easily sourced. Hedgelaying (or hedge laying) is a country skill practised mainly in the United Kingdom and Ireland, with many variations in style and technique. These stakes need to be sturdy enough for you to hammer in, around 40-50mm thick, and cut to a length of around 1.6m. The South of England Style of Hedgelaying has a double edge brush. Learn the art of hedge laying, how to restore neglected hedges, as well as planning and creating a new hedge. This has been the first proper bit of hedge laying I’ve had the chance to do for quite a while, and it’s back at it with a challenge! It's a different thing. They also create a very attractive top to your hedge. Tel: 01530 222934 Traditional regional styles. You are here: Home > Blog > Woodland Activities > Laying Hazel to grow new hazel coppice stools. There are numerous different styles of billhook, which vary dramatically in weight and length. Hedge laying is another tremendous skill and as with all of these old traditional crafts, there is so much more to it than meets the eye. Hazel has distinctive pale yellow fluffy catkins known as lambs tails appear from January to March and hang along the length of the bare twigs, not just at the ends. The uprights are often bound together by such things as hazel whips woven around the tops of the stakes. Spar hook is a light and slim tool more commonly used by thatchers, but is also used by some hedge layers. You can get a taste of the skill involved in hedge-laying at the annual National Hedge Laying Championship, where over 100 competitors enter eight regional styles to become supreme champion. To add strength and stability to your hedge you will need to drive in a series of upright stakes, at intervals of around 50cm, along the whole of its length. They should be cut and laid out to one side so that they are available to fill the gap left when the last pleachers of the adjacent section are laid. Binders (Heatherings) Long straight rods at least 8ft (2.4 m) long and typically 1 … Contact us | The stakes and binders are produced from coppiced woodland poles, these can be Sweet Chestnut, Hazel, Willow or even Birch. Hedge laying should be carried out during winter, and is usually done on the ditch side of the hedge. Kent pattern billhook has a deeper blade than the Berkshire pattern, with a short nose that is useful for working at the bottom of a hedge. In reality it may also depend on the vicissitudes of management and when the owner gets … Deadwood is a small environmental company based near Newark, Nottinghamshire. Sustainable Eco Friendly Hazel Coppice Products and Hedgelaying Service. If there was an article called 'Hedgerow management' they could both belong there. Ideally, these should be no thicker than around 25mm – the thinner they are the more flexible they will be for weaving – and around 2.5-3m long. Now he needs a way of keeping it on the ground so that it doesn't spring up and try to grow vertically again. When cutting into the stem (or ‘pleacher’), you need to slice down at an angle just above ground level. A Morris & Sons Ltd. Tel 01647 252352. We supply all the stakes and the binders, and there’s lots of hazel for binding and chestnut for stakes down in Sussex. You can lay a bad hedge, and once you put the binding at the top, it looks like a million bucks.” After they are laid, Jones hedgerows must be trimmed every two or three years to prevent overgrowth and re-lay them once every generation to keep them maintained. Laying Hazel to grow new hazel coppice stools. The end of the stalk is now about 7-10 metres away from the stool in a place where Iain wants to establish a new Hazel stool. The Somerset style uses a row ofstakes that are driven in alternately on either side of the hedge. The pleachers, or steepers as they are sometimes known in the region, are laid much closer to the horizontal than the usual uphill angle, and are pegged down with crooked hazel sticks that are used to secure the hedge. Hawthorn is the best species for laying but most common deciduous hedge shrubs such as ash, blackthorn, elm, field maple and hazel are also suitable. Bind the stakes firmly together, using long, thin and flexible hazel rods, known as binders, heathers or weavers. Hedge laying is a country skill that has been practised for centuries. You should never lay the stems completely horizontal as some upward slant is required to allow the sap to rise through the plant. Dead wood is used to protect the regrowth from being browsed by stock. How to make an adjustable pot hanger system. Some would argue it is the most attractive of the hedge-laying styles. The pleachers are laid … Hedgelaying is the process of cutting a small bush or tree partly through, and then bending the stem without breaking it, so that it can still grow. Both sides of the hedge are trimmed and stakes are set in a single line, 18” apart then bound using binders. Once the stakes are in place, any remaining branches, known as brash, are woven between the bent-over pleachers to give structure, thickness and sturdiness to the finished hedge. This makes for a denser overall hedge, with no disruption to either the nature corridor or the landscape. The bank is an important element as this acts as the main barrier against livestock until the hedge develops. Over the centuries, different parts of the UK developed their own distinctive styles of hedge laying, all based on the same basic theory: Midland style. Today, with local or home-grown products increasingly popular, these provide perfect plant supports for beans and other herbaceous climbers in place of imported bamboo, as well as being used for fencing hurdles. Although a well-laid hedge looks beautiful, the original aim was to create a fence to stop sheep, cattle and other stock from straying. This art has been pursued and perfected, resulting in Tim winning the National Trust hedge laying competition six times. Starting at one end, weave your binders around the tops of the stakes to hold the stakes firmly in place and add further strength. Hedge laying is a seasonal job carried out between October and March when trees and shrubs are dormant, and birds have finished nesting in the hedges. This style is faster to do than traditional hedge laying styles. See more ideas about living fence, willow fence, wattle fence. He refers local provenance and there is nothing more local than the hazel which has been there for many hundreds of years. Hedge laying is a seasonal job carried out between October and March when trees and shrubs are dormant, and birds have finished nesting in the hedges. Hello and thank you for an interesting piece on coppicing. Privacy Policy | Hope that you enjoy looking around my site at the moment as it is currently being re- built … Stakes about 5′ or 6′ in length and straight, max. Cleft chestnut can also be used depending on style and when larger hedges are been laid. A few long, thin binders are then bound between the stakes. Available free here », © 2020 Woodland Investment Management Ltd | Somerset Follow our guide on how to lay a hedge and learn about the traditional ways to lay a hedge. We are here for you. This pegging down is done with short strong pieces of hazel, as shown below, and at the point where it is pegged down it will send out new roots and a new hazel stool will begin growing. We can supply hazel stakes and binders. In the UK and Ireland, hawthorn, blackthorn and hazel are popular trees for hedge laying. Stakes 5 ‘ 6’’ (1.7m) long and should be pointed and squared. Contact David Maltby, 33 Top Road, Griffydam, Leicestershire LE67 8HU. Nottinghamshire pattern billhook has some similarities to the Yorkshire pattern, with its distinctive double blade, but is smaller. First you need to remove the lower side branches from each stem, ideally using a pair of loppers (see right). ~ by Angus. This will allow light to reach the base of the hedge and encourage new growth, ensuring that the hedge thickens. Coppiced hazel (Corylus avellana) has been valued for centuries for the long, straight stems that grow in response to a hard prune. By laying a hedge you not only create a living fence, you also help to encourage new growth, making it an excellent way of regenerating an old, overgrown hedge without replacing it. Because you're laying the pleachers/stems at a slight angle to the … Both sides of the hedge are then trimmed immediately after the hedge has been laid. H4a This hedge has also been layed through conservation laying. Whilst laying the hedge the hedge layer bangs in stakes (often made from coppiced hazel) at 18 inch intervals along the line of the hedge. In reality it may also depend on the vicissitudes of management and when the owner gets round to it, but hazel is very forgiving - it just keeps growing and within reason you can adjust what you use it for according to the size it's grown to. The binders are woven along the top for maximum strength and the ends wedged behind the stakes. Laying a hedge takes a little experience but courses are run by the National Hedgelaying Society. Hazel hurdles (traditional riven hazel hurdles) Willow hurdles (different styles of weave) Gate hurdles in chestnut, ash or willow. Over the centuries, different areas developed their own distinctive styles of hedgelaying, based on local customs and also on the locally different requirements and available materials. As he already has some hazel coppice in the woodland he can create new hazel from what he already has - he doesn't need to buy in plants from a nursery which may be a different strain altogether. Please discuss. Stakes are driven in vertically at 18 inch intervals in the centre line of the hedge. Hazel and ash are good woods to use, and you should be able to source stakes from a local woodland worker. A few years back I attended a hedge laying course and have been doing some hedge laying every year since. Binders about 15′ long in, bundles of 20 at £13.50 per bundle. Many deciduous woodlands have good growths of hazel coppice: it springs from a single stump or "stool" into long, straight rods which can be cut every 10-15 years and the length of the rotation will depend on what the stems are to be used for. You can unsubscribe at any time. A hedge laid in the South of England style will cost about £10 to £12 per metre and today, with a chainsaw, a man can do about 30 to 40 metres a day. It is generally larger and heavier than many other designs, making it ideal for cutting through bigger stems. A single line of hazel stakes are driven into the centre of the hedge, with the top bound with hazel binders. The stakes hold the pleachers in place, some of which are woven behind the stakes. If you're used to buying our magazine from the shops, you can now order and receive the next issue delivered to your home. Iain coppices a hazel stool which has been growing for 15 years - which means he cuts off each rod at ground level, except two or three of the longer ones. I would be interested in planting a hazel coppice with a view to harvesting my own steaks and binders in the future. Small company that has been making billhooks and other tools since the 1800s. Berkshire, or Moss pattern, billhook is smaller than the Yorkshire pattern, and offers a well-balanced blade and handle that is easy to use. Laying hedges helps the hedge put on new growth at the base, helping thicken up leggy hedges with thin bases. Any large gaps should have new whips planted to fill the spaces. Discover some of the most glorious gardens from around the world.Find out more, Already have an account with us? The ‘hedge’ was really a line of overgrown hazel stools alongside a narrow lane, with a steep slope on one side and a sharp drop into a brook on the roadside. Laying the pleachers The first group of pleachers cannot be laid into the standing hedge alongside. M any deciduous woodlands have good growths of hazel coppice: it springs from a single stump or "stool" into long, straight rods which can be cut every 10-15 years and the length of the rotation will depend on what the stems are to be used for. Often hazel is preferred 1’ – 2’ inch (25- 50mm ) diameter. Hedge laying is a perfect skill to couple with natural fencing due to the sustainability of the two. “To make it really strong, use a binding, like hazel, around the tops of the stake. French loppers are the perfect tool for removing side branches. The ‘pleachers’ are then weaved in and out of the hazel stakes, with a stake every 21 inches. Once laid, a hedge simply needs regular trimming to keep it in good order for decades – far longer than a wooden fence and infinitely more beautiful. Sawn stakes and rails are then used to finish the hedge. Also … Hazel & willow rods in various sizes. Feb 6, 2019 - Explore Ian Baird's board "Coppicing and Hedgelaying", followed by 141 people on Pinterest. diameter 2″, bundles of 10 at a price of £6 per bundle. It is also the time of the year when many of the materials you’ll need for hedge-laying, such as the hazel and ash for the stakes and bindings that add strength and stability to the hedge, can be easily sourced. This hedge has already been cleared of brambles. -Arch dude 02:27, 25 December 2007 (UTC) I disagree. So regularly coppiced hazel is an important part of many working woodlands and you can see why some woodland managers want to increase the amount of hazel in their woodlands. These he only cuts three-quarters of the way through so that the stalk can be bent over and laid onto the ground. Hazel is also used for making walking sticks and if it grows too big can be converted into charcoal. Midland The hedge is cut close to the ground with plenty of thickness of material along the bottom; new shoots will grow from the already established root system. For general information on hedge laying, see The National Hedge Laying Society website. As with most hedge laying, the hedge is always laid uphill. What would be the best plant spacing when planning a hazel coppice. See hedgelaying.org.uk for details. It has a square-shaped, doubled-edged head and a short nose (the hook on the end). Diversity of species within the hedge is best for ensuring longevity and attracting biodiversity. The documents Steeping (hedge laying) and coppicing and Devon field boundaries: restoration standards for agri-environment schemes, and the video The Art of Devon Hedge Laying, give detailed guidance on how to lay a hedge in the Devon style. Iain uses the hazel rods that he harvests to make poles, hurdles and for pea-sticks. Make sure the pleacher you … We are here for you. The Yorkshire style creates a very thin hedge. "When I laid hazel initially I used to dig small trenches for the branches to lie in," explains Iain, "but I found that you don't need to - as long as it's pegged down it will propagate." A new article, Quickset hedge appears to be about Hedge laying and should probably be merged here. In 1946 there were an estimated 500,000 miles of hedge in England. So how does he do it? As with any tool, the feel of it in your hand is important, so it is worth finding a good tool supplier with a range you can try out for yourself. Iain Loasby is one such manager and he is extending the area of hazel coppice at Furzefield wood near Potters Bar in Hertfordshire. Usually hazel rods are used for the stakes .There was a chap in the UK got his PHd from working out how old a hawthorn hedge was by looking at the number of species were living in it .There are some hedges in England now thought to be over a thousand years old. The dead wood and live layers are woven along the centre line, with the top and side of the hedge being trimmed. The Devon style hedge is normally laid on top of a bank. Fruits, berries, ornamental beauty… Devon The hedge-layer then cuts away pleaches, that is the stem towards ground level and arches it over at an angle of 60 degrees, encouraging new shoots to grow straight upwards. This is also known as the bullock style because it was traditionally used by farmers with large animals, where the hedge needed to be able to withstand the weight of cows pushing against it. Essentially you wait until the hazel has reached 8'-12' (or whatever height you want I guess). In 15 years' time there will be another hazel "tree" and after this is cut new stems will grow from these roots and a new hazel stool will have been created. Traditionally hazel has been used for making thatching; pegs that would hold the straw or reeds in place, or for making hurdles (wooden screens). Here are just a few: Yorkshire Blog powered by WordPress, Woods for sale for conservation and enjoyment, Laying Hazel to grow new hazel coppice stools, http://www.cotswoldtv.com/feature_player_fftv.php?id=304. We are proud to say Tim was awarded the British Supreme National Champion in … Styles of hedges vary across the country (see below), but the principles of hedge-laying remain the same. Some of his ideas have come from Brian Williamson, who is one of the promoters of the use of hazel, and National Beanpole Week. This hedge has been layed through conservation laying style. We supply sustainably sourced hazel coppice products, as well as a range of other woodland products from rounds to firewood. Find out more about the craft from the National Hedge Laying Society (hedgelaying.org.uk), which provides information on courses along with details of professional hedge-layers. round or cleft chestnut posts. A combination of distinctive stakes and binders is used. Pruning saws are ideal for cutting down cleft stumps. Once you’ve made a cut in each stem, you can lay these down along the length of the hedge. This method was adopted in Yorkshire because trees suitable for making stakes and binders did not grow well on windy uplands. Grow hazel in a mixed hedge for maximum advantages! In the South of England style the hedge is cut and laid over to create a double brush on both sides. Brian works at Silk Wood in the Westonbirt Arboretum and in this film you can see him creating a tent peg with a stop-knife and explaining many of the uses of hazel coppice: http://www.cotswoldtv.com/feature_player_fftv.php?id=304. It consists (left to right)of hazel, blackthorn, some stunted beech, an ash tree (which had its head chopped off by contractors laying electric cables overhead), hawthorn and several stands of hazel. Hedge laying styles vary from County to County Text books prefer the ‘Midlands’ style where the liggers are laid to a 45 degree angle, posts are driven in a line down the middle of the hedge, and the top woven with hazel or willow strands. Services include woodland management, … Make the cut quite deep, far enough to allow the stem to bend over sufficiently for you to lay it down, but take care not to slice it all the way through. Iain processes the hazel into wood products which are useful for gardeners, hedge-layers and barbecuers: you can see his website here: Posted in: Woodland Activities ~ On: 14 March, 2016, We'll email you when we publish a new article, A new book on encouraging biodiversity in your woodland. This stem is called a “pleacher” and it is these pleachers which will grow back vigorously with vertical shoots making the hedge livestock-proof.In the Midlands hedge laying is called “plashing” and the French call it “plaisse”. Again, you can source these from a local woodland worker. Hedgelaying is a way of maintaining a hedge, Quicksetting is establishment. New growth from the base will keep it healthy and thick for years to come. The ash tree is not ready for coppicing but the hazel and thorn could be laid to fill the gaps. ... Stakes & binders for hedge laying. Lots of background information about hedgerows - their history, conservation value and the law. I absorbed the information like a sponge, and freely admit to giving a loud ‘whoop’ when my first ‘pleach’ was praised and deemed a success by Tom, one of the course tutors. If you're used to buying our magazine from the shops, you can now order and receive the next issue delivered to your home, How designer Erik Funneman maximised space in a small city garden, Win a kitchen planter and grow bag tray container from Forest Garden, The best firewood for wood burning stoves, Design solutions: Retaining walls and plantable structures. 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