pragmatism that do not engage in social action or research. The other significant progress that pragmatism made is the possibility of inter-subjectivity in social science research. She holds Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in sociology and development studies. A paradigm is essentially a worldview, a whole framework of beliefs, values and methods within which research takes place. 12, No. Pragmatism: Type of research: Qualitative: Quantitative: Mixed: Methods: Open-ended questions, emerging approaches, text and/or image data: Closed-ended questions, pre-determined approaches, numeric data: Both, open and closed-ended questions, both, emerging and predetermined approaches, and both, qualitative and quantitative data analysis : Research practices: Positions researcher within … The knowledge gained can be analyzed to know what part of the knowledge can be applied to another similar circumstance in another settings. Qualitative research has its own uniqueness and dynamism in philosophy, paradigm, ontology, epistemology and methodology. By exploring the use of pragmatism for research on organizational processes, this article works towards ameliorating the lack of practical case studies regarding the application of epistemological frameworks in social research. The Qualitative Paradigm . Pragmatic approach combined quantitative and qualitative approach in one methodology. By starting with organizational practices prioritized by case study NGOs (as evidenced by multiple documents from each NGO), the researcher could hone in on those organizational practices that were most likely to have relevance for the sector as a whole. Pragmatism: A lived and living philosophy. Pragmatists study the actions of the individuals in light of their actions. The use of these techniques in both the research projects meant that analytical processes were flexible and adaptive to capture the actual experiences of NGOs as they implemented and amended organizational practices.
It has enabled us to frame organizational processes as social practices and arrive at a dynamic and multi-faceted understanding of practice. Realism, constructionism and pragmatism paradigms have been applied widely for qualitative research. Qualitative research has been widely accepted in all disciplines for academic as well as non-academic reasons. 9; 2019 ISSN 1913-9004 E-ISSN 1913-9012 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education 1 Pragmatism as a Supportive Paradigm for the Mixed Research Approach: Conceptualizing the Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Stances of Pragmatism Heba Maarouf1 The benefit of pragmatism is that it creates room for the exploration of how individual experience, knowing and acting are shaped through social interaction. Reflexivity permits a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of how research processes and relationships are constituted and how they affect theory and its future consequences (Weick, 2002). If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Mixed method research is research in which the researcher uses the qualitative research paradigm for one phase of a research study and the quantitative research paradigm for another in order to understand a research problem more … Pragmatism reconciles these differences an integrates quantitative and qualitative research as loosely coupled systems, where "open systems interact with each other at the point of their boundaries" (Florczak, 2014, p. 281). Building on the definition above, we outline three methodological principles for pragmatic inquiry which serve as a critical lens for researchers to conceptualize and manage research projects in line with classical pragmatism. In both project examples, the adoption of a pragmatist approach was closely intertwined with establishing research objectives. Required fields are marked *, Please Answer *
This principle also enabled us to combine macro- and micro-level perspectives within the case study organizations and encouraged a more inclusive research process as different stakeholders were able to situate themselves and their actions within a larger context. L. 2014b. By analysing the data across the sample NGOs, it was found that many of the established and documented practices were rarely mentioned in the context of discussions on usefulness. It is often associated with mixed-methods or These objectives were enacted by uncovering staff interests and perceived benefits of the research at the very onset. Qualitative research is descriptive in that the researcher is interested in process, meaning, ... Naturalist Paradigm (Qualitative) The nature of reality: Reality is single, tangible, and fragmentable. 6,734 Views. Had the researchers adopted a more theory-testing methodology or one based purely on structured, close-ended methods, it would have been unlikely for the projects to contribute to validate ‘practical understandings’ (Patton, 2005: 153) of the study phenomena. The article focuses on three core methodological principles that underlie a pragmatic approach to inquiry: (1) an emphasis on actionable knowledge, (2) recognition of the interconnectedness between experience, knowing and acting and (3) inquiry as an experiential process. This also … Thus, adopting an authentic and coherent pragmatist stance requires careful study and understanding of the underlying principles of this approach. Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. This was due to the, often subtle, informal and everyday evaluative practices that were taking place without due recognition (Kelly, 2019c). On the other hand positivists believe that there is only single reality that can be approached in one way. Morgan (2014a) explains this as, ‘In contrast to philosophies that emphasize the nature of reality, pragmatists emphasize the nature of experience’ (p. 27). Pragmatism is a paradigm that includes ideas, methods, approaches, principals, or a mix of these to explain a solution to a research problem. By identifying common themes and commonly used performance measurement and programme evaluation in case study NGOs, and then later collecting data on the enactment of associated organizational practices, the researchers were able to develop a comprehensive picture of these study phenomena and assess the emergent theory in terms of the success of its practical application. Thus, it was through Dewey’s work that the classical pragmatism movement reached its peak and came to be applied in all areas of philosophy as well as in psychology, education and politics (Morgan, 2014b). 2
pragmatism as a paradigm for social research Uncategorized December 5, 2020 0 Comment This meant that the order, dose and duration of data collection among the different case study NGOs could adapt according to NGO requirements without disadvantaging the study’s trustworthiness. At each stage of the research process, we interrogated and evaluative our ideas and interpretations in terms of their practical functioning. They also shed light on the value of pragmatist inquiry in unpacking the tensions involved in NGO programme evaluation. citly stated the paradigm used (pragmatism). Our dissemination strategies pragmatically centre on informing and engaging practitioners, where possible, in discussions on our findings. 4. Historically, pragmatism developed in the late 19th and early 20th century as a philosophical movement that focused on the practical consequences of social reality. =
. We found that adhering to pragmatist principles develops researchers’ ‘moral responsibility in presenting knowledge that has consequences for future applications’ (Kelemen and Rumens, 2012: 10). In addition, pragmatism guided our sampling strategies by helping us identify information rich respondents most likely to provide useful practice-based knowledge, as well as ensuring the sampling process uncovered a range of perspectives. Professor Jackie Campbell . As noted previously, both projects involved respondents with differing levels of knowledge, experience and control over the process being studied. Paradigms of Research, Pragmatism How to Critically Evaluate Quality of a Research Article? This feature is particularly relevant to NGOs as, often, organizational processes are not properly documented and, to a large extent, rely on the knowledge and interpretations of implementing staff. Pragmatism guides the project examples used in this article. The paradigm wars between these approaches often encouraged the application of rigid methodological frameworks and the temptation of creating ‘one size fits all’ epistemological solutions. For the purpose of this article, this concise understanding of the projects will suffice to provide context. Sign in here to access free tools such as favourites and alerts, or to access personal subscriptions, If you have access to journal content via a university, library or employer, sign in here, Research off-campus without worrying about access issues. A prominent theme in the literature on pragmatism is that it does not dictate choice of methods (Feilzer, 2010; Morgan, 2014a; Teddlie and Tashakkori, 2003). Qualitative research is often associated with interpretivism, but alternatives do exist. Understanding the interconnectedness of experience, knowing and acting guided our research design. This is particularly helpful in organizational settings where practice is closely intertwined with the ways in which knowledge is produced, causing several classical pragmatists to actually move away from the using nouns, to focus on ‘know-ing’ and ‘learn-ing’. Likewise, the process of framing of research questions based on practical understanding of organizational decision-making processes (Project example 2) revealed the diversity of views between board members and staff in NGOs. This article explicates pragmatism as a relevant and useful paradigm for qualitative research on organizational processes. I use pragmatic in its philosophical sense, which is to evoke the philosophies of action espoused by … Leave a comment (2015), ‘Pragmatism provides a richer and more realistic view of human behaviour than the ones used by rationalist and structuralist accounts’ (p. 4). By scanning both theoretical and grey literature for knowledge gaps of practical use to the case study organizations, we were able to inform and refine the research objectives. Tags pragmatic paradigm pragmatism pragmatism in mixed method research, Subjectivism is a word that has many different meanings. This enabled the researcher to witness different forms of evaluation that staff had not identified in interviews. In the next phase of development John Dewey (1859–1952) and his friend Jane Addams (1860–1935) developed social work in light of pragmatist ideas. This principle was particularly valuable in guiding our sampling strategies; helping us identify information-rich respondents most likely to provide useful practice-based knowledge, as well as ensuring the sampling process uncovered a range of perspectives. This paradigm is associated with action, intervention and constructive knowledge. Understanding this interconnectedness was enriched in Project example 1 through the cultivation of ongoing relationships with respondents. These principles, when applied to research on organizational processes, such as performance measurement and evaluation, provide the rationale for pragmatism as a worthy and useful paradigm to guide research. These will be particularly effective for Project example 2, which has been working with NGO peak bodies and funders. Instead, it provides a framework to help researchers choose which methods will be most appropriate.
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